武汉绿地中心工程临时支撑爆破拆除绿色施工技术

以武汉绿地中心工程为例,详细介绍了爆破拆除地下室临时支撑的施工技术,施工过程中通过优化爆破网路、搭设防护措施,控制噪声、扬尘、碎石飞溅等次生危害,取得了良好的效果,在后期的爆破废材处理方面,采取一系列的有效措施,提高了废材回收利用率。     

基于物流焓值的换热网络夹点设计方法

提出一种新的基于物流焓值的换热网络夹点设计方法,首先以综合费用最小为目标确定最小温差,然后建立问题表格确定夹点位置和最小公用工程消耗,最后进行换热网络设计。采用某石油常减压换热网络系统为典型算例对该方法的前两步进行分析研究,结果表明:该方法与基本Linnhoff夹点技术法估算的投资费用有较大差距;在一定的最小温差下其与基本Linnhoff夹点技术法确定的夹点位置不同,公用工程消耗也有较大差距。     

基于S3C6410的闸门开度自动监测系统的设计与实现

为了提高闸门开度自动监测系统的可靠性、抗干扰能力和自动化程度,以S3C6410为中央处理器,辅以强大功能的外围电路功能模块、液晶显示模块、数据传输模块及数据存储模块等,真正实现测控仪的自动化。实际测试表明该闸门开度自动监测系统具有自动化程度高、抗干扰能力强及可靠性高等特点。     

仿生群体智能算法的演示教学

近年来,蚁群算法、蟑螂算法、微粒群算法、鱼群算法、蜂群算法等仿生算法层出不穷,由于这些群体智能算法具有良好的全局搜索能力,故在复杂的化工优化问题中得以广泛应用。因此,数值计算、优化方法等相关课程中应用演示教学法,将各种仿生算法的计算过程、算法参数对计算过程、计算性能的影响通过计算演示充分展示给学生看,可使枯燥、抽象的算法教学变得具体、形象、生动,显著提高学生的学习兴趣和教学质量。     

燃烧前CO2捕集技术研究进展

近年来,全球性气候变暖已经严重威胁到人类社会、生存环境以及经济的发展,CO2减排问题刻不容缓。整体煤气化联合循环技术(IGCC)同燃烧前脱碳技术的联合应用,有望实现CO2的近零排放,成为当前研究热点之一。本文介绍了燃烧前脱碳技术的发展现状,简述了吸收法、吸附法、膜分离法等CO2分离方法的优缺点及其适应性,为回收利用CO2提供了技术依据。根据IGCC排放源特征,文章重点阐述了几种典型物理分离工艺特点及其在燃烧前脱碳技术的应用范围和前景,从新型高效CO2吸收剂的选择与应用、再生工艺的优化与创新以及耦合工艺的开发3个方向对CO2物理吸收法分离成本降低研究进行了论述,并对燃烧前脱碳技术所面临的挑战及其发展动向进行了深入讨论。     

Superabsorbent polymer prepared using carboxymethyl cellulose derived from Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. (kapok) cotton

Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) were synthesized by grafting acrylic acid and butyl acrylate onto carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) modified from Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. (kapok) cotton, with N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker and ammonium persulphate as initiator. The effect of distilled water, saline solution, and applied pressure on superabsorbent was investigated. The product exhibited the maximum water absorbency of 554 g/g in distilled water and 96 g/g in saline solution. The SAP achieved the highest water absorbency under load of 83 g/g under applied pressure of 7.6 g/cm². The kapok cotton modified cellulose‐based SAP exhibited stronger gel strength than the SAP based on commercial CMC. This is probably due to the higher grafting efficiency (78.3%) of the former. The SAP was characterized by FTIR analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis results showed that the SAP, with AA and BA grafted onto CMC, had better thermal stability than CMC alone. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40808.     

The effect of side chains on the reactive rate and surface wettability of pentablock copolymers by ATRP

The reactive rate and surface wettability of three pentablock copolymers PDMS‐b‐(PMMA‐b‐PR)₂ (R = 3FMA, 12FMA, and MPS) obtained via ATRP for coatings are discussed. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is used as difunctional macroinitiator, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as the middle block, while poly(trifluoroethyl methacrylate) (P3FMA), poly(dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate) (P12FMA) and poly(3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate) (PMPS) as the end block, respectively. Their reactive rates obtained by gas chromatography (GC) analysis indicate that 3FMA gains 8.053 × 10^?5 s^?1 reactive rate and 75% conversion, higher than 12FMA (4.417 × 10^?5 s^?1, 35%), but MPS has 1.9389 × 10^?4 s^?1 reactive rate and 96% conversion. The wettability of pentablock copolymer films is characterized by water contact angles (WCA) and hexadecane contact angles (HCA). The PDMS‐b‐(PMMA‐b‐P12FMA)₂ film behaves much higher advancing and receding WAC (120° and 116°) and HCA (60° and 56°) than PDMS‐b‐(PMMA‐b‐P3FMA)₂ film (110° and 106° for WAC, 38° and 32° for HAC) because of its fluorine‐rich surface (20.9 wt % F). However, PDMS‐b‐(PMMA‐b‐PMPS)₂ film obtains 8° hysteretic contact angle in WAC (114°–106°) and HAC (32°–24°) due to its higher surface roughness (138 nm). Therefore, the fluorine‐rich and higher roughness surface could produce the lower water and oil wettability, but silicon‐rich surface will produce lower water wettability. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40209.     

Nonisothermal crystallization behaviors of biodegradable double crystalline poly(butylene succinate)‐poly(ethylene glycol) multiblock copolymers

Nonisothermal crystallization behaviors of both poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) segments within PBS‐PEG (PBSEG) multiblock copolymers were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of both PBS and PEG segments were analyzed by Avrami, Ozawa, and Mo methods. The results showed that both of Avrami and Mo methods were successful to describe the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PBS and PEG segments. The results of crystallization kinetics indicated that the crystallization rate of PBS segment decreased with PBS segment content and/or L_PBS, while that of PEG segment decreased with M_n,PEG or F_PEG. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40940.     

The phase structure,chain diffusion motion and local reorientation motion: C Solid-state NMR study on the highly-crystalline solid polymer electrolytes

In our previous paper, we investigated the influence of the phase structure on the polymeric chain diffusion in the complexed crystals of solid polymer electrolytes of PEO:LiAsF₆ and PEO:LiCF₃SO₃. We observed that with the increase of the crystallinity, the chain diffusion rate decreases dramatically. In this work, by employing the ¹³C CODEX NMR spectroscopy, we demonstrate that opposite to the behavior of the chain diffusion motion, the local reorientation motion of polymeric chains within the complexed crystals are greatly increased with the increase of the crystallinity, which is accompanied by the change of the phase structure. The relationship between the different molecular motions within the complexed crystals and the phase structure are discussed therefore.     

Influence of kenaf form and loading on the properties of kenaf‐filled polypropylene/waste tire dust composites: A comparison study

Kenaf (KNF)‐filled polypropylene/waste tire dust (PP/WTD) composites containing different KNF loadings (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 parts per hundred parts of resin (phr)) were prepared using a Thermo Haake Polydrive internal mixer. The influence of the KNF form (KNF short fiber (KNFs) and KNF powder (KNFp)) at different KNF loadings on properties of the composites was studied. Results showed that with increasing KNF loading, the stabilization torque, tensile modulus, water absorption, and thermal properties increased for both KNFp‐ and KNFs‐filled PP/WTD composites. However, the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased by 29.2% and 53.9%, respectively, for KNFp‐filled PP/WTD composites, whereas KNFs‐filled PP/WTD composites showed a decrement of 24.5% and 63.5%, respectively. The stabilization torque, tensile strength, and tensile modulus increased by 22.4%, 6.7%, and 2.6%, respectively, for KNFs‐filled PP/WTD composites at 20 phr KNF loading. The scanning electron microscopy morphological studies on the tensile fractured surfaces revealed poor adhesion between KNFp and PP/WTD matrices as compared to KNFs and PP/WTD matrices. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40877.